Internal combustion engine head



June 30, 1931. G. H. FRI-:ERS

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE HEAD Filed Feb. 28, 1930 2 Sheets-Shee ATTORNEl/.S'

June' 3o, 1931. Q H, FREERS,l 1,812,474

"INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE HEAD Filed Feb. 28, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTGR.

@forge H. Frejer,

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A TTORNEY Patented June 30, 1931 UNITED STATES g PATENT OFFICE GEORGE H.OF INDIANAIPOLIS, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO 'MARION MOTOR CAB GOMPANY, FINDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, A CORPORATION 0F INDIANA INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINE HEAD Application led February 281930. Serial No. 432,004.

The object of my invention is to produce a cylinder head for internalcombustion engines of such character as to provide a combustion chamber,forming the connection between the cylinder and inlet and exhaust valvesthat, during theiniow and compression of the cxl plosive mixture -a highdegree of turbulence will be produced to the end that, when the chargeis fired by an 'ordinary spark plug, a highly efiicient combustion ofthe charge will be attained.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention. l

Fig. 1 is a vertical section, diametrical of the cylinder and one gaspassage, of a c linder head embodying my invention, an the adiacentportion of the cylinder block, and

ig. 2 is a plan of the combustion chamber face of m improved head.

In the rawings indicates the cylinder, in which the usual piston ismounted, and 11 the inlet or exhaust passage, the inner end of which isopened or closed by a suitable valve 12 indicated in dotted lines.

lily improved head 13 is shown as of the usual water-cooled type havinga water cavity 14 and is associated with the upper end of the cylinderblock in the usual manner by means of a packing gasket 15 and has formedin its lower face a combustion chamber cavity C which comprises a valvechamber 16 contoured to accommodate the inlet and exhaust valves, a dome17 overlying the end of the cylinder adjacent the valve passages, aconnecting throat 18, between portions 16 and 17, and a shallow portion19 contoured to conform substantially to the are of that portion of thecylinder which is most remote from the valve passages and merged intothe dome space 17.

The entire cavity C is so proportioned, relative to the maximum cylindervolume that, when the piston is at the end of its compression stroke,proper desired compression of the charge will be attained.

The throat 18 is formed by dropping a portion'fofthe upper wall ofchamber C, as indicated at 20, between the valve chamber 16 and the dome17. The minimum crosssectional area of the throat is at least as greatas the area of the maximum opening of the inlet end of the gas inletpassage when the inlet valve is fully opened, and where the chamber 16merges into the throat 18 and the throat 18 merges into the dome 17andthe dome 17 merges into the space 19, sharp corners are avoided.Themaximum horizontal dimension of the dome space 17 is considerablyless than the diameter of the cylinder and the throat 18 is verticallyabove that portion of the cylinder wall which is closest to the gasinlet and exhaust passages. A spark plug opening 21 leads into the valvechamberlt'.A f

While I am not able to state accurately the reasons why my improvedcombustion chamber causes more eiiicient operation of the en'- gine,.yet nevertheless I have found, by extended tests, that, all otherthings being the same, an engine in which the compression chamber is notprovided with the throat 18, as compared with an engine having acombustion chamber as described above, with the throat 18 proportionedand positioned as described, will deliver considerably less power andthe combustion of the charge will be considerably noisier.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination, with acylinder and inlet and exhaust passages of aninternal combustion engine, of a cylinder head having a combustion.chamber formed therein, said combustion chamber comprising a portionoverlying the inner ends of the inlet and exhaust passages, a domeportion overlying the cylinder and offset from the axis thereof towardthe valve chamber, a throat connecting the valve chamber and domechamber and overlying that portion of' the cylinder wall nearest thevalve chamber and having a minimum effective cross-section at leastequal to the maximum effective inlet valve opening, and a domeextension, extending to the full diameter of the cylinder and having adimension axially of the cylinder substantially less than the depth ofthe dome.

2. The combination, with a cylinder and combustion chamber formedtherein, said combustion chamber comprising a portion overlying theinner ends of the inlet and exhaust passages, a dome portion overlyingthe cylinder and offset from the axis thereof to- 5 wards the valvechamber, a throat connecting the valve chamber and dome chamber andoverlyin that portion of the cylinder wallV nearest t e valve chamberand having a minimum 'effective cross-section at least equal to lo themaximum el'ective inlet valve opening, and a dome extensiom extending tothe full diameter of the cylinder and having a dimension axiall of thecylinder substantially less than the epth of the dome, said extension 15being defined by a wall substantially at right angles tothe axis of thecylinder.

In witness whereof, I GEORGE H. Flims have hereunto set In hand at1Indiana olis, Indiana, this 25th dty of February, `D.-

one thousandnine hundred and thirt 2 eno. H. FRE-Ehe

